JIITA, Vol.9 No.3 pp.1148-1158 (2025), DOI: 10.22664/ISITA.2025.9.3.1148
Sridevi Perumal Chockalingam, and Velmurugan Thambusamy
Abstract. Space debris poses significant risks to active satellites, space exploration, and the long – term sustainability
of orbital activities. This paper presents a comprehensive descriptive analysis of a publicly available dataset on
space debris, sourced from SpaceTrack.org, encompassing over 14,000 objects recorded between October 4,
2021, and November 1, 2021.
The analysis focuses on key parameters such as debris origin, temporal trends, and spatial distribution within
Earth’s orbit. Notable findings include the dominance of debris from major fragmentation events, such as the
FENGYUN 1C and COSMOS 2251 incidents, and the concentration of debris in Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
Temporal analysis reveals periods of heightened debris creation and highlights the rapid escalation of space
congestion in recent years. By providing a detailed exploration of the dataset, this study offers valuable insights to
policymakers, satellite operators, and researchers, underscoring the urgency of implementing effective space
debris mitigation strategies. The work serves as a foundational resource for further exploration into predictive
modeling, risk assessment, and sustainable space operations.
Keywords; Space Debris, Space Debris Mitigation, Risk Assessment, Descriptive Analytics
Fullpaper: